diff --git a/src/pages/U1/u1.tsx b/src/pages/U1/u1.tsx
index 01ce539..f57c084 100644
--- a/src/pages/U1/u1.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/U1/u1.tsx
@@ -13,40 +13,18 @@ const U1: React.FC = () => {
   const navigate = useNavigate();
 
   const [reading, setReading] = useState(false);
+  const [countdown, setCountdown] = useState(6);
   const timerRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
+  const intervalRef = useRef<number | null>(null);
 
-  const handleStart = () => {
-    // localStorage.setItem("lastIdCardNo", "31010919571209004X");
-    // navigate("/u2");
-    if (reading) return; // 避免重复点击
-    setReading(true);
-    // 启动后端监听；如果启动失败立即恢复 UI 状态
+  // 实时监听身份证读取
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // 启动后端监听
     window.electronAPI.startIdCardListen().catch((e: any) => {
       console.error("start_idcard_listen failed", e);
       window.electronAPI.log("error", `start_idcard_listen failed: ${e}`);
-      setReading(false);
     });
 
-    // 6 秒超时恢复
-    if (timerRef.current) {
-      clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
-      timerRef.current = null;
-    }
-    timerRef.current = window.setTimeout(() => {
-      console.warn("未在 6 秒内读取到身份证信息，恢复初始状态");
-      window.electronAPI.log(
-        "warn",
-        "未在 6 秒内读取到身份证信息，恢复初始状态"
-      );
-      setReading(false);
-      window.electronAPI.stopIdCardListen().catch(() => {});
-      timerRef.current = null;
-    }, 6000);
-  };
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!reading) return;
-
     // 监听数据
     window.electronAPI.onIdCardData((e: any) => {
       const payload = e.payload;
@@ -64,11 +42,18 @@ const U1: React.FC = () => {
         "info",
         `Read IDCard success: ${payload.name} ${payload.id_card_no}`
       );
-      // 成功：清理定时器，停止监听
+
+      // 无论是否点击了开始签到，只要读到卡就跳转
+      // 清理定时器
       if (timerRef.current) {
         clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
         timerRef.current = null;
       }
+      if (intervalRef.current) {
+        clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
+        intervalRef.current = null;
+      }
+      // 停止监听（跳转后不再需要监听）
       window.electronAPI.stopIdCardListen().catch(() => {});
       setReading(false);
       navigate("/u2");
@@ -78,20 +63,54 @@ const U1: React.FC = () => {
     window.electronAPI.onIdCardError((e: any) => {
       console.error("[idcard-error]", e.payload);
       window.electronAPI.log("error", `[idcard-error] ${e.payload}`);
-      // 发生错误时立即恢复 UI 状态
-      if (timerRef.current) {
-        clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
-        timerRef.current = null;
+      // 错误不停止监听，继续等待下一次读取，除非是严重错误？
+      // 这里仅记录日志，或者在 reading 状态下提示用户
+      if (reading) {
+        // 如果正在倒计时中出错，可以选择停止倒计时或者忽略
+        // 目前保持监听
       }
-      setReading(false);
-      window.electronAPI.stopIdCardListen().catch(() => {});
-      alert(`读取身份证失败: ${e.payload}`);
     });
 
     return () => {
+      window.electronAPI.stopIdCardListen().catch(() => {});
       window.electronAPI.removeIdCardListeners();
+      if (timerRef.current) clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
+      if (intervalRef.current) clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
     };
-  }, [reading, navigate]);
+  }, [navigate, reading]);
+
+  const handleStart = () => {
+    if (reading) return; // 避免重复点击
+    setReading(true);
+    setCountdown(6);
+
+    // 6 秒倒计时逻辑
+    if (intervalRef.current) clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
+    intervalRef.current = window.setInterval(() => {
+      setCountdown((prev) => {
+        if (prev <= 1) {
+          if (intervalRef.current) clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
+          return 0;
+        }
+        return prev - 1;
+      });
+    }, 1000);
+
+    // 6 秒超时恢复
+    if (timerRef.current) {
+      clearTimeout(timerRef.current);
+      timerRef.current = null;
+    }
+    timerRef.current = window.setTimeout(() => {
+      console.warn("未在 6 秒内读取到身份证信息，恢复初始状态");
+      setReading(false);
+      if (intervalRef.current) {
+        clearInterval(intervalRef.current);
+        intervalRef.current = null;
+      }
+      timerRef.current = null;
+    }, 6000);
+  };
 
   return (
     <div className="u1-root">
@@ -105,7 +124,9 @@ const U1: React.FC = () => {
       <span className="u1-instruction">请放置身份证在读卡区域</span>
       <img className="u1-semicircle" alt="start button" src={semicircle} />
       {!reading && <LongButton text="开始签到" onClick={handleStart} />}
-      {reading && <LongButtonLoading text="身份信息读取中..." />}
+      {reading && (
+        <LongButtonLoading text={`身份信息读取中... ${countdown}s`} />
+      )}
     </div>
   );
 };